brain catheter  (CMA Microdialysis)

Journal: Frontiers in Neurology

Article Title: Technical notes on the placement of cerebral microdialysis: A single center experience

doi: 10.3389/fneur.2022.1041952

Figure Lengend Snippet: Pathologies and mechanisms of injury of the 52 patients undergoing monitoring with cerebral microdialysis.

Article Snippet: At the time of a craniotomy or craniectomy, a 70 Microdialysis Brain Catheter (CMA microdialysis AB) can be directly implanted in the brain parenchyma.

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in Neurology

Article Title: Technical notes on the placement of cerebral microdialysis: A single center experience

doi: 10.3389/fneur.2022.1041952

Figure Lengend Snippet: Stepwise placement through craniotomy. (A) First, a 2 mm incision is made with a 15 blade at the intended exit site. (B) An instrument such as a Kelly clamp is used to tunnel beneath the galea and create a pathway for the microdialysis catheter. (C) The protection tube will be removed from the catheter after tunneling, however we have found it best to loosen the protection tube by partially unscrewing the base prior to tunneling to facilitate the process. (D) The catheter is then tunneled through the subgaleal tract toward the craniotomy site, after which the protection tube is removed. (E) The fixation cuff is positioned firmly within the skin opening to serve as a plug to occlude the exit site. (F) The fixation cuff is then secured with 4-0 nurolon suture (Ethicon, NJ, USA). (G) The site of corticectomy is chosen to avoid surface vessels and after cauterization of the pia with bipolar cautery, a 1mm corticectomy is made with an 11 blade. (H) The catheter is then inserted perpendicular to the cortical surface. (I) The catheter length from tip to fixation cuff is a set length, and the depth which the probe tip sits is dependent on the length tunneled beneath the galea and the distance of the corticectomy from the edge of the craniotomy and this must be taken into consideration.

Article Snippet: At the time of a craniotomy or craniectomy, a 70 Microdialysis Brain Catheter (CMA microdialysis AB) can be directly implanted in the brain parenchyma.

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in Neurology

Article Title: Technical notes on the placement of cerebral microdialysis: A single center experience

doi: 10.3389/fneur.2022.1041952

Figure Lengend Snippet: Stepwise placement at bedside through a Quad Lumen Bolt (Hemedex, Cambridge, US). (A) A small incision is made at the location of desired probe placement to minimize skin trauma. (B) A standard twist drill is used to drill a burr hole. The size of the drill bit depends on which bolt is being used and is typically included in the Bolt kit. (C) A durotomy is made using an 11 blade or 18-gauge needle. (D) The bolt is screwed into the burr hole. It should be deep enough to be firmly attached to the bone. (E) The sensor introducer is advanced through the desired bolt lumen where it is secured to the luer fitting and (F) the stylet is removed. (G) The microdialysis catheter is then advanced and (H) secured to the introducer. (I) After placement of microdialysis catheters, other monitors may be placed though the additional lumen if desired.

Article Snippet: At the time of a craniotomy or craniectomy, a 70 Microdialysis Brain Catheter (CMA microdialysis AB) can be directly implanted in the brain parenchyma.

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in Neurology

Article Title: Technical notes on the placement of cerebral microdialysis: A single center experience

doi: 10.3389/fneur.2022.1041952

Figure Lengend Snippet: Stepwise placement at bedside through a burr hole. (A) An incision ~3 cm is made at the location of desired probe placement. (B) A burr hole is created using a standard twist drill. A larger drill bit can be used if placement of multiple probes is desired, however a smaller bit will provide adequate access for a single microdialysis catheter. (C) A 2 mm incision is made with a 15 blade at the intended exit site and an instrument such as a Kelly clamp is used to tunnel beneath the galea toward the incision to create a pathway for the microdialysis catheter. (D) The protection tube will be removed from the catheter after tunneling, however we have found it prudent to loosen the protection tube by partially unscrewing the base prior to tunneling to facilitate the process. (E) An 18 guage needle or 11 blade is used to create a small corticectomy within the burr hole. (F) The catheter is then tunneled through the subgaleal tract toward the craniotomy site, positioning the fixation cuff as a plug in the skin opening, after which the protection tube is removed. (G) The catheter is then inserted perpendicular to the cortical surface. (H) The fixation cuff is then secured with 4-0 nurolon suture (Ethicon, NJ, USA). (I) The incision is then closed in the usual fashion with sutures or staples.

Article Snippet: At the time of a craniotomy or craniectomy, a 70 Microdialysis Brain Catheter (CMA microdialysis AB) can be directly implanted in the brain parenchyma.

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in Neurology

Article Title: Technical notes on the placement of cerebral microdialysis: A single center experience

doi: 10.3389/fneur.2022.1041952

Figure Lengend Snippet: Pathologies and mechanisms of injury of the 52 patients undergoing monitoring with cerebral microdialysis.

Article Snippet: Alternately, bedside placement is possible by percutaneous placement with a twist-drill hole ( ) with a 70 Microdialysis Brain Catheter (CMA microdialysis AB).

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in Neurology

Article Title: Technical notes on the placement of cerebral microdialysis: A single center experience

doi: 10.3389/fneur.2022.1041952

Figure Lengend Snippet: Stepwise placement through craniotomy. (A) First, a 2 mm incision is made with a 15 blade at the intended exit site. (B) An instrument such as a Kelly clamp is used to tunnel beneath the galea and create a pathway for the microdialysis catheter. (C) The protection tube will be removed from the catheter after tunneling, however we have found it best to loosen the protection tube by partially unscrewing the base prior to tunneling to facilitate the process. (D) The catheter is then tunneled through the subgaleal tract toward the craniotomy site, after which the protection tube is removed. (E) The fixation cuff is positioned firmly within the skin opening to serve as a plug to occlude the exit site. (F) The fixation cuff is then secured with 4-0 nurolon suture (Ethicon, NJ, USA). (G) The site of corticectomy is chosen to avoid surface vessels and after cauterization of the pia with bipolar cautery, a 1mm corticectomy is made with an 11 blade. (H) The catheter is then inserted perpendicular to the cortical surface. (I) The catheter length from tip to fixation cuff is a set length, and the depth which the probe tip sits is dependent on the length tunneled beneath the galea and the distance of the corticectomy from the edge of the craniotomy and this must be taken into consideration.

Article Snippet: Alternately, bedside placement is possible by percutaneous placement with a twist-drill hole ( ) with a 70 Microdialysis Brain Catheter (CMA microdialysis AB).

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in Neurology

Article Title: Technical notes on the placement of cerebral microdialysis: A single center experience

doi: 10.3389/fneur.2022.1041952

Figure Lengend Snippet: Stepwise placement at bedside through a Quad Lumen Bolt (Hemedex, Cambridge, US). (A) A small incision is made at the location of desired probe placement to minimize skin trauma. (B) A standard twist drill is used to drill a burr hole. The size of the drill bit depends on which bolt is being used and is typically included in the Bolt kit. (C) A durotomy is made using an 11 blade or 18-gauge needle. (D) The bolt is screwed into the burr hole. It should be deep enough to be firmly attached to the bone. (E) The sensor introducer is advanced through the desired bolt lumen where it is secured to the luer fitting and (F) the stylet is removed. (G) The microdialysis catheter is then advanced and (H) secured to the introducer. (I) After placement of microdialysis catheters, other monitors may be placed though the additional lumen if desired.

Article Snippet: Alternately, bedside placement is possible by percutaneous placement with a twist-drill hole ( ) with a 70 Microdialysis Brain Catheter (CMA microdialysis AB).

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in Neurology

Article Title: Technical notes on the placement of cerebral microdialysis: A single center experience

doi: 10.3389/fneur.2022.1041952

Figure Lengend Snippet: Stepwise placement at bedside through a burr hole. (A) An incision ~3 cm is made at the location of desired probe placement. (B) A burr hole is created using a standard twist drill. A larger drill bit can be used if placement of multiple probes is desired, however a smaller bit will provide adequate access for a single microdialysis catheter. (C) A 2 mm incision is made with a 15 blade at the intended exit site and an instrument such as a Kelly clamp is used to tunnel beneath the galea toward the incision to create a pathway for the microdialysis catheter. (D) The protection tube will be removed from the catheter after tunneling, however we have found it prudent to loosen the protection tube by partially unscrewing the base prior to tunneling to facilitate the process. (E) An 18 guage needle or 11 blade is used to create a small corticectomy within the burr hole. (F) The catheter is then tunneled through the subgaleal tract toward the craniotomy site, positioning the fixation cuff as a plug in the skin opening, after which the protection tube is removed. (G) The catheter is then inserted perpendicular to the cortical surface. (H) The fixation cuff is then secured with 4-0 nurolon suture (Ethicon, NJ, USA). (I) The incision is then closed in the usual fashion with sutures or staples.

Article Snippet: Alternately, bedside placement is possible by percutaneous placement with a twist-drill hole ( ) with a 70 Microdialysis Brain Catheter (CMA microdialysis AB).

Techniques:

Journal: Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior

Article Title: Microdialysis in central nervous system disorders and their treatment

doi: 10.1016/j.pbb.2008.03.001

Figure Lengend Snippet: Setup for sampling the production of HO· following spinal cord injury. ACSF containing salicylic acid was perfused through a fiber with its dialysis zone in the site of injury to collect dihydroxybenzoic acids to provide a measure of hydroxyl radical formation. A second microdialysis fiber was passed through the cord 2 cm rostral to the site of injury to provide the basal level of HO· formation. A third fiber was passed directly from the syringe pump supplying the ACSF/DHBA and collecting vials to assess background HO· formation (From de Castro et al., 2004).

Article Snippet: Model for clinical applications to human head injury In clinical studies, commercially available microdialysis probes (CMA70 Brain Catheter, CMA/Microdialysis AB, Stockholm, Sweden) are inserted into regions of interest in the brain of the TBI patient.

Techniques: Sampling

Journal: Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior

Article Title: Microdialysis in central nervous system disorders and their treatment

doi: 10.1016/j.pbb.2008.03.001

Figure Lengend Snippet: Glutamate concentrations in samples from a microdialysis fiber through the center of a contusion injury (tall peak, average from 3 animals) and simultaneously through another fiber at a point 3 mm away (traces with small peaks, individual animals) illustrating the rapid fall off of the concentration with distance from the site of injury (From McAdoo et al., 1999).

Article Snippet: Model for clinical applications to human head injury In clinical studies, commercially available microdialysis probes (CMA70 Brain Catheter, CMA/Microdialysis AB, Stockholm, Sweden) are inserted into regions of interest in the brain of the TBI patient.

Techniques: Concentration Assay

Journal: Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior

Article Title: Microdialysis in central nervous system disorders and their treatment

doi: 10.1016/j.pbb.2008.03.001

Figure Lengend Snippet: Basso–Beattie–Bresnahan scores from normal rats, rats receiving ACSF, 4 mM glutamate or 10 mm glutamate administered into their spinal cords (concentrations are in the fiber lumen). This illustrates the ability to determine the effects of agents of interest by administering them into target tissue by microdialysis (From Xu et al., 2005).

Article Snippet: Model for clinical applications to human head injury In clinical studies, commercially available microdialysis probes (CMA70 Brain Catheter, CMA/Microdialysis AB, Stockholm, Sweden) are inserted into regions of interest in the brain of the TBI patient.

Techniques:

Journal: Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior

Article Title: Microdialysis in central nervous system disorders and their treatment

doi: 10.1016/j.pbb.2008.03.001

Figure Lengend Snippet: GDNF secretion in the rat hippocampus one week after traumatic brain injury with or without human neural stem cell (hNSCs) grafting. Microdialysis samples were collected for 6 h from both intact (empty bars) and injured/grafted (solid bars) hippocampi in each rat 7 days after injury. Samples were concentrated and assayed by ELISA. TBI, fluid percussion model of traumatic brain injury; TBI+Vel, vehicle injection into the TBI site of rat brain; TBI+hNSC, hNSC graft into the TBI site. Note hNSC grafting resulted in significant increases in GDNF secretion in TBI hippocampi when compared with controls (TBI alone and TBI plus vehicle injection). Values (N=4 for TBI, and 3 for other groups) are means±s.e.m. *** p<0.001 and * p<0.05; one-way ANOVA with the Tukey–Kramer post-hoc test (From Gao et al., 2006).

Article Snippet: Model for clinical applications to human head injury In clinical studies, commercially available microdialysis probes (CMA70 Brain Catheter, CMA/Microdialysis AB, Stockholm, Sweden) are inserted into regions of interest in the brain of the TBI patient.

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Injection